Optimizing Project Management Methodologies for Public Hospital Infrastructure Development in Emerging Economies – A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Hospital infrastructure development in emerging economies faces a unique set of challenges, including limited resources, political instability, and systemic inefficiencies. Effective project management (PM) methodologies are crucial for overcoming these barriers and ensuring the timely and successful delivery of healthcare facilities.

Objective: This study aims to analyze and compare the effectiveness of various project management approaches in hospital infrastructure projects across emerging economies, focusing on contextually adapted methodologies and the integration of digital tools.

Methods: A comparative review of case studies from India, Kenya, Brazil, and the Philippines was conducted. These cases were evaluated based on methodology used, project outcomes, stakeholder engagement, and the presence of common barriers or enablers.

Results: Hybrid PM methodologies proved to be the most effective overall, improving transparency, delivery timelines, and stakeholder satisfaction. Most research originated from South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. While common barriers included political interference, financial constraints, and workforce shortages, key success factors were leadership, communication, and stakeholder involvement. A major gap was identified in the use of digital PM tools and the scarcity of quantitative comparative analyses.

Conclusion: Tailoring PM methodologies to local contexts while strengthening institutional capacity is essential for improving hospital infrastructure outcomes in emerging economies. These findings offer a practical foundation for policymakers and project leaders aiming to implement context-specific, efficient, and scalable infrastructure solutions.